The preload of a linear guide rail refers to the process of adjusting the gap between the guide rail and the slider during installation so that it maintains a certain contact pressure in the working state. This preload can improve the rigidity and stability of the guide system, reduce the gap during movement, and thus improve accuracy and load capacity. Here are some key points about the preload of linear guides:
1. The Purpose of Preload
Improve rigidity: Preload can reduce the gap between the guide rail and the slider and improve the rigidity of the system.
Reduce vibration: By increasing the contact pressure, vibration and noise during movement are reduced.
Improve accuracy: Reducing the gap can improve the positioning accuracy and repeatability of the linear guide rail.
2. Types of Preload
Positive preload: A certain pressure is applied between the guide rail and the slider to make them in close contact.
Negative preload: In some cases, negative preload may be used to compensate for thermal expansion or other factors.
3. Adjustment of Preload
Adjusting bolts: Preload is achieved by adjusting the bolts or locking devices on the linear guide rail.
Use measuring tools: Use a micrometer or measuring instrument to ensure the accuracy of the preload.
Regular inspection: Check the preload status regularly during use to ensure that it remains within the appropriate range.
4. Factors Affecting preloading
Load: The size of the load will affect the choice of preloading. Excessive loads may require higher preloading.
Temperature changes: Temperature changes can cause the material to expand or contract, affecting the preloading effect.
Lubrication status: Poor lubrication may cause increased friction, thus affecting the preloading effect.
5. Precautions
Avoid excessive preloading: Excessive preloading may cause increased wear or jamming of the slider.
Choose the right guide rail: Choose the right linear guide rail and slider according to the application requirements to ensure the best preloading effect.
Summary
The performance and service life of the linear guide rail system can be significantly improved through reasonable preloading settings.
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